Shalom.
What has struck me most at this Interfaith Understanding conference is the sincere and honest conversations I am witnessing, including the openness to say that we need to work towards interfaith dialogue. We need to see differences as values, something to celebrate, reflect upon, and learn from. I have also learned from Diana Eck that the definition of pluralism is not just tolerance, “hospitality,” or even inclusion, but an active seeking of understanding across lines of differences. I want to use Eboo Patel’s inspiring metaphor of “the bridge” from “here” to “there” to unfold my reflections.
Starting from the “here”: Tonight, in my Jewish tradition, is the holiday of Shavuot, a biblical holiday mentioned in Leviticus and Deuteronomy. Together with Sukkoth and Passover, it is one of the three pilgrimage major holidays. The Holiday of Shavuot represents to us the renewal of the covenant between God and the Jewish people.
Interestingly enough, on this holiday that seems “exclusive” we read the Book of Ruth from the Torah. Ruth was a Moabite woman who followed her mother-in-law to the Israelite community. The story of Ruth is about successful interfaith relationships, about respect, care for each other, and love. It is a good example of the biblical teaching, “love your neighbor as yourself” (Leviticus 19). In one way or another, we can all relate to this story and respond to the teaching to love our neighbors.
The “catch” is that in order to love, one first needs to get to know the neighbor. This understanding brings me to building “the bridge,” which might be composed of three building blocks: experiences, relationships, and holy curiosity.
Experiences: The former First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt, wrote a memoir called You Learn by Living. Indeed, we learn by being fully engaged with life’s gifts and hurdles. We learn mostly through experiences and encounters with one another. My first encounter with Christianity was with Kathy and Rod Leard of Agoura Hills, California. My encounter with Lutheranism was with Pastors Melissa and Scott Maxwell Doherty from California Lutheran University. Through them—living by their values, modeling by behavior—I have learned about Christianity more than from any book. We in Lutheran colleges and universities need to provide our students with these opportunities for encounters and experiences with different ethnic and religious groups.
Relationships: We must cultivate genuine and long-lasting relationships. We must get to know “the other” as a person: as Belle, Joan, Michel. As mom, dad, friend, painter, hockey fan, computer geek and so on. Find out about another’s personal life and you’ll find something that connects you to that person. The rabbis taught us that relationships with each other come before the relationship with God. The Jewish philosopher Martin Buber explained that only through an I-Thou encounter with another person can one encounter the great Thou.
Holy Curiosity: Sincere intellectual interest in someone who is different is the key to starting a dialogue. Unfortunately, I found that many are often afraid to ask. The fear of not being politically correct, or worse, of offending without knowing prevents them from asking. They would rather ignore and be ignorant than engage in a conversation that might lead to controversy. But if we want to build this bridge, we must be brave and make the first step. We must overcome this cultural barrier. By asking, we learn—and relationships begin.
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Editorial
From the Publisher
Mark Wilhelm
Wilhelm draws a parallel between the rediscovery of vocation and the rediscovery of interfaith understanding in Lutheran higher education, arguing that previously under-emphasized aspects of the Lutheran tradition point us to interfaith work and that an authentic Lutheran college or university will make interfaith understanding a feature of its mission.
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Editorial
Guest Editorial
Kristen Glass Perez, Richard Priggie
Glass Perez and Priggie introduce the issue by recounting the campus conversations and the June 2014 Interfaith Understanding Conference at Augustana College that gave rise to it, framing the central question, “What does it mean to be Interfaith at a Lutheran College?,” as a living example of the praxis of being a Lutheran college in the twenty-first century.
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Article
Vocational Re-Formation for a Multi-Religious World
Elizabeth Eaton
ELCA Presiding Bishop Elizabeth Eaton frames vocational formation for a multi-religious world as one of the most significant challenges facing the church and the liberal arts today, calling ELCA colleges and universities to live into Darrell Jodock’s “third path” that is both deeply rooted and dialogical.
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Article
Why Interfaith Understanding is Integral to the Lutheran Tradition
Jason A. Mahn
Mahn returns to the root of the Lutheran tradition — church, theology, and pedagogy — to argue that interfaith encounter is not the vanishing point of Lutheran identity but central to it, beginning with confession of Luther’s anti-Judaic legacy, working through the typology of exclusivism / inclusivism / pluralism, and showing how the kenotic Christ and the theologian of the cross open Lutherans to authentic encounter with religious others.
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Article
What it Means to Build the Bridge: Identity and Diversity at ELCA Colleges
Eboo Patel
Through the contrasting stories of two college students — Cassie’s identity relativism and April’s soft fundamentalism — Patel diagnoses Peter Berger’s twin pathologies of modernization and argues that ELCA campuses, anchored in Bonhoeffer and the Lutheran capacity to “have faith without laying claim to certainty,” are uniquely equipped to be places where the light falls: bridges of cooperation that nurture both strong religious identity and benevolence toward others.
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Reflection
Danya Tazyeen
Danya Tazyeen
Tazyeen, a Pakistani-American Muslim student at Augustana College, reads Qur’an 49:13 — that God made us into peoples and tribes “that you may know one another” — as a charge to break down fear with open dialogue and to see one another as flawed and relatable fellow human beings.
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Article
Building on a Firm Foundation: ELCA Inter-Religious Relations
Kathryn M. Lohre
Lohre traces the ELCA’s twenty-year arc of inter-religious work — from the 1994 Declaration to the Jewish Community and the Lutheran-Jewish Consultative Panel, through the post-9/11 Lutheran-Muslim Panel and the Shoulder to Shoulder Campaign, to fledgling dialogue with Sikhs and the dharmic traditions — and frames Lutheran inter-religious engagement as the strengthening, not the dilution, of Lutheran vocation.
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Reflection
Gifty Arthur
Gifty Arthur
Reading John 10:3 as a Ghanaian Christian student at Luther College, Arthur reflects on how Luther’s Journey Conversations have deepened her own spirituality precisely by giving room for students to share the personal experiences and beliefs at the center of their own traditions.
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Article
Journey Toward Pluralism: Reimagining Lutheran Identity in a Changing World
Jacqueline Bussie
Bussie chronicles Concordia College’s Forum on Faith and Life initiative — assessing campus climate, building a President’s Interfaith Advisory Council, and drafting a one-sentence statement that Concordia practices interfaith cooperation “because of” (not “guided by”) its Lutheran identity — to argue that simul justus et peccator thinking equips Lutheran institutions to hold loyalty to tradition and reverence for others together as one piece.
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Reflection
David Kamins
David Kamins
Kamins, a Jewish student at Muhlenberg College, reads Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik’s The Lonely Man of Faith alongside his own journey at the Interfaith Understanding conference on the eve of Shavuot, finding in the dual figures of Adam I and Adam II a way to remain firmly grounded in his faith community while going out to learn from those around him.
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Article
What's in a Name?
Matthew J. Marohl
St. Olaf College Pastor Matt Marohl tells the story of designing The Undercroft’s prayer and meditation room with a campus meditation group whose members began as “Matt” and ended — as their mutual respect grew — calling him “Pastor Matt,” a counterintuitive movement toward a more formal address that signals what intentional Lutheran-Christian hospitality looks like in practice.
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Reflection
Annie Schone
Annie Schone
Schone, raised in a small conservative Central Illinois congregation, recounts how Augustana’s Interfaith Understanding group and Interfaith Youth Core gave her the first chance to befriend Muslim, Unitarian Universalist, and atheist peers, and how she hopes to bring the joy of those friendships back to her home church through the power of storytelling.
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Article
Journey Conversations
Amy Zalik Larson, Sheila Radford-Hill
Larson and Radford-Hill describe Luther College’s Journey Conversations Project, a four-phase contemplative practice — quiet, listen, speak, respond — rooted in the Lutheran call to be true to one’s own faith while welcoming all faiths or none, and illustrate its fruit through faith journey stories from Luther students Sukeji Mikaya (South Sudan), Habibullah Rezai (Afghanistan), and Gifty Arthur (Ghana).
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Reflection
Tom Natalini
Tom Natalini
Natalini, a Susquehanna University senior raised Lutheran, schooled Mennonite, and seasoned by a meditative encounter in India, reflects on his journey through churchgoing, philosophy, near-Jewish conversion, and Buddhist practice to a stance he calls patience — neither Christian, Jew, Buddhist, seeker, nor “none.”
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Article
Well, Well…Plumbing Our Depths, Telling Our Stories
Ann Boaden
Beginning with a college visit that turned into a grieving mother’s confidence about her daughter’s last moments, Boaden uses John 4’s well of living water to argue that an interfaith education worthy of the name requires Lutherans to plumb the depths of their own tradition’s wells — with rituals, stories, and seasons intact — before they can see, respectfully, into the wells from which others drink.
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Institutional Focus
Scriptures That Inspire Work for Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Justice
Altheia Richardson, Angie Hambrick, Caryn Riswold, Colleen Windham-Hughes, Deanna Thompson, Marcia Bunge, Robert Clay
No. 61 · Spring 2025
A companion list of biblical verses — from Genesis 1:27 and Galatians 3:28 to Micah 6:8 and Luke 4:18-19 — that grounded NECU’s drafting of So That All May Belong, organized by the four DEIJ commitments and offered as an invitation to share other texts that ground and sustain the work.
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Article
Impelled to Pluralism: Thoughts About Teaching in a Lutheran University
Jim Huffman
No. 17 · Summer 2003
Huffman traces his personal journey through three stages of faith—the “comfortable Christ” of his Midwestern Christian childhood, Clark Pinnock’s “faith principle” of accessible salvation, and finally Christ as the “humble teacher”—to a pluralism that rejects religious triumphalism without abandoning Christian commitment. Drawing on Diana Eck, Wesley Ariarajah, John Cobb, the Catholic novelist Endo Shusaku, and the histories of Confucian China and imperial Japan, he then describes how this commitment shapes his teaching of East Asian religion and nationalism at Wittenberg University: insisting on respectful language, working sympathetically through doctrines like Buddhist non-attachment, and helping students see the pernicious effects of triumphalism in both religious and political life.
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Response
Lutheran Colleges: The Context for the Conversation
Thomas Templeton Taylor
No. 1 · Summer 1996
Taylor of Wittenberg engages Schwehn’s first argument by sketching the institutional predicament of Lutheran colleges through three converging forces: the collapse of differences among old-line Protestant groups in the wake of ELCA-era ecumenism (with Robert Wuthnow); the secularization of American higher education described by George Marsden; and the post-war decline of liberal arts colleges under pressure to professionalize. The result is an “in-between stage” in which Lutheran colleges retain rhetoric without substance. Following Richard John Neuhaus’s “Eleven Theses,” he argues that, for a time at least, Lutheran colleges’ institutional affiliations must remain actively Lutheran if they are to remain in any sense Christian.
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Article
Serving Two Masters: Teaching and Writing Between Academy and Church
John Reumann
No. 9 · Summer 2000
Reumann reflects on more than fifty years navigating between academy and church—the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis (whose Doktorvater Morton Enslin was unceremoniously dumped at Toronto by “young Turks” Robert Funk and others, while Harry Orlinsky saved the day at the centennial), the 1978–1987 New American Bible Revised New Testament committee with its bishops, the U.S. Lutheran–Roman Catholic dialogue volume on “Righteousness,” and the 1999 Joint Declaration on Justification—and uses his Anchor Bible and Augsburg commentaries on Philippians, Colossians, and Romans to illustrate Krister Stendahl’s judgment that one can no longer master all the literature: epistolary research, rhetorical and discourse analysis, social-world readings, feminist scholarship on Euodia and Syntyche, the koinonia and friendship debates (Sampley, Fitzgerald, Witherington), and the house-church recovery of Filson. The academy is antepenultimate, the church penultimate, God ultimate—professors as “believers, testifiers, witnesses” serving pro bono, pro ecclesia, and pro Deo.
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Reflection
On the Power of Transformation and Becoming Human
Ken Yanai Flores
No. 59 · Spring 2024
Flores, a Cal Lutheran sophomore, reflects on personal and institutional transformation as the slow work of shedding the armor of trauma responses, engaging discomfort rather than turning away, and trusting that the work of becoming more human — more empathetic, knowledgeable, and free — will be reflected in our institutions as well.
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Article
Sojourners in a Pluralistic Land: The Promise and Peril of Christian Higher Education
Randall Balmer
No. 25 · Spring 2007
Balmer, a Barnard scholar of American evangelicalism reared in evangelical parsonages and formed at Trinity College in the Chicago suburbs, defends public education even as he champions Christian higher education as a “halfway house” for students moving from religious subculture into a pluralistic world. Drawing on his own undergraduate experience, his books Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory and Thy Kingdom Come, and a chastening visit to Patrick Henry College, he names three perils of Christian higher education—the Scylla of secularism (intellectual arrogance allergic to piety), the Charybdis of sectarianism (intellectual dishonesty as exemplified by intelligent design’s special pleading), and insularity—and prescribes mentors, primary sources, internships outside the subculture, and a broader, intergenerational pluralism on campus.